With a good working knowledge of basic principles of plant response to pruning, proper pruning techniques and clear objectives for the tree, fruit tree performance can be improved while maintaining the beauty of the tree. This will prevent excessive, unproductive growth from redeveloping. Extensively pruned trees should not be fertilized the following spring. Excess wood can be removed to leave three to five lower scaffolds with fairly wide crotch angles spaced evenly around the tree. In some cases, having too many scaffold limbs may be a problem. Then remove the limbs that are joined to the trunk at a narrow angle and leave the limbs with wider crotch angles. Next, remove the very upright, extremely vigorous shoots that are shading the interior. The first step in pruning a neglected tree is to remove all diseased or dead material. Thinning cuts can reduce the tree size while still maintaining the natural shape of the canopy.
Thinning cuts, or those that remove wood at its base or point of origin, allow the size and shape of the tree to be maintained.
It is best to reduce the amount of existing growth over time in increments with the judicious use of thinning cuts. Trees are often destroyed by these heading cuts. Pruning too severely results in excessive, nonproductive shoot growth. It is important to complete the process of tree renewal over several years. On first impulse, owners are often inclined to prune these fruit trees immediately and severely. Unfortunately, these trees have often been neglected, appearing overgrown and producing poor quality fruit. These trees are often aesthetically pleasing due to the beauty of the natural rounded crown shape that has developed over several years. The purchase of a home or old farmstead often comes with a landscape that includes fruit trees.
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